Effect of Application of Various Concentrations of Chitosan on Growth and Yield of Upland Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) at Different Water Intervals
Pengaruh Aplikasi Berbagai Konsentrasi Kitosan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi Gogo (Oryza Sativa L.) Pada Interval Pemberian Air Berbeda
Abstract
The level of national rice production and productivity must still be maintained, especially alert to the threat of environmental stress such as drought and other production barriers including threats due to Climate Change in the future. The study aims to determine and see how the effect of chitosan compound application maintains or increases the growth and production of upland rice at several intervals / intervals of water application as a form of stress conditions on sub-optimal land. This research is a 2-factor factorial experiment with a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) pattern, the first factor is the concentration of chitosan each 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ml/L. The second factor is the watering interval of 2, 4 and 6 days respectively. Parameters observed included vegetative parameters of plant height (cm), number of tillers, leaf area, flag leaf area, panicle number and number of seeds per panicle. The results of the experiment showed that the application of chitosan and different irrigation intervals had a significant effect on the number of panicles, the number of seeds per panicle and leaf area. Chitosan concentration of 0.5 ml/l showed better results on the number of panicles, while the concentration of 1 ml/l showed the highest results for leaf area and number of seeds per panicle as production parameters with an average of 86.37 seeds per panicle under stressful conditions at a watering interval of 6 days. Chitosan application is more effective at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 ml/Liter of water.
References
Damayanti, T.A., Haryanto, dan Wiyono ,S. 2013. Pemanfaatan Kitosan Untuk Pengendalian Bean Common Mosaic Virus (BCMV) Pada Kacang Panjang. Jurnal Hama Dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 37 (1),7-25
Divya K, M Thampi, S Vijayan, S Shabanamol & MS Jisha. 2021. Chitosan nanoparticles as a rice growth promoter: evaluation of biological activity. Arch Microbiol. 204 (1), 95-101. DOI:10.1007/s00203-021-02669-w. PMID: 34964906
Edi, S. 2013. Keragaan Varietas dan Galur Harapan Padi Gogo pada Daerah Aliran Sungai Batang Asai Sarolangun Jambi. Jurnal Unja 2(3): 113–121.
Haryadi, P., Santhy, W.S., Dewita, B., Suardi, L. 2007. Pemanfaatan Kitosan Dari Limbah Cangkang Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) Pada Pembuatan Hand Body Cream. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Riau. 1 (2), 1-12
Iriti, M., Valentina, P., Mara, R., Stefani G. 2009. Chitosan Activity Is Due To Abascisic Acid-Dependent Stomatal Closure. Envirormental And Experimental Botany 66 (3), 493-500
Li B, B Liu, C Shan, M Ibrahim. 2013. Antibacterial activity of two chitosan solutions and their effect on rice bacterial leaf blight and leaf streak. Pest Manag Sci 69 (2), 312-20. DOI: 10.1002/ps.3399
Liu H, W Tian. 2012. Antifungal effect and mechanism of chitosan against the rice sheath blight pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani. Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Lett 34 (12), 2291–2298. DOI:10.1007/s10529-012-1035-z
Lubis, E., Hermanasari, R., Sunaryo, A. S., & Suparman, E. 2008. Toleransi galur padi gogo terhadap cekaman abiotik. In Prosiding Seminar Apresiasi Hasil Penelitian Padi Menunjang P2BN (Vol. 2). Litbang Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian.
Magfiroh, N., I.M. Lapanjang., U. Made. 2017. Pengaruh Jarak Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Pola Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda dalam Sistem Tabel. J.Agrotekbis 5 (2): 212–221.
Martins, M., Valdir Veroneze-junior, V., Carvalho, Marilia., Dioagi T. Barbosa, Sandro., Doriguetto., Antonio C. 2018. Physicochemical characterization of chitosan and is effects on early growth, cell cycle and root anatomy of transgenic and non-transgenic maize hybrids. Australian journal of crop science. 12 (1), 56-66
Mawgoud AMRA. A Tantawy. 2010. Growth and yield responses of strawberry plants to chitosan application. European Journal of Scientific Research 39 (1), 170-177
Mulyani A, Nursyamsi D, Syakir M. 2017. Strategi Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Lahan untuk Pencapaian Swasembada Beras Berkelanjutan. J Sumberdaya Lahan. 11(1):11–22. Doi:10.21082/jsdl.v11n1.2017.11-22.
Nazirah, L., dan Damanik, B. S. J. (2015). Pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga varietas padi gogo pada perlakuan pemupuka N. Jurnal Floratek, 10 (1), 54-60.
Ohta, Katsumu., Morisishita., Shinya, Suda, Takashi. 2004. Effects of chitosan soil mixture treatment in the seedling stage on the Growth and flowering of several ornamental plants. Engei gakkai zasshi. 73:66-68
Rahman, M., JA Mukta, Sabir, AA., Gupta, DR., Mohammed, Hasanuzzaman, M.,, Miah, M., Rahman, M., Islam MT. 2018. Chitosan biopolymer promotes yield and stimulates the accumulation of antioxidants in strawberry fruit. PLOS one 13 (9), 1-14. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203769
Ratih M., 2002. Seleksi Tanaman ke Baris Generasi F4 dan Uji Keragaan Pada Musim Kering Galur – Galur F5 Padi Gogo. (Skripsi). Fakultas Pertanian IPB. Bogor
Rismaneswati. 2008. Pengaruh Terracottem, Kompos dan Mulsa Jerami terhadap Sifat Fisik Tanah, Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr) pada Alfisols. Jurnal Agrivigor 6 (1) 12-18.
Sujitno, E., T. Fahmi S. Teddy. 2011. Kajian Adaptasi Beberapa Varietas Unggul Padi Gogo pada Lahan Kering Dataran Rendah di Kabupaten Garut. Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian 14(1): 62–69.
Supriyanto B. 2013. Pengaruh Cekaman Kekeringan Terahadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Padi Gogo Lokal Kultivar Jambu (Oryza sativa Linn). Jurnal Agrifor. 12 (1), 77–82.
Uthairatanakij. A., teixeria da silva. J.A., Obsuwan. K. 2007. Chitosan for improving orchid production and quality. Orichid Science and Biotechnology. 1:1-5
Yunita, R., Amin, N.N., Damayanti, TA. 2012. Pemanfaatan Kitosan Untuk Mengendalikan Antraknosa Pada Pepaya (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) dan Meningkatkan Daya Simpan Buah. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia 8 (4), 20-30
