PROPER : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan
PROPER: Journal of Applied Agricultural Research (e-ISSN 2988-506X). Is a publication media for Scientific Articles on Applied research, Published by the Department of Agricultural Production Technology (APT) of the Pangkajene Islands State Polytechnic of Agriculture, twice a year, namely in June and December. Focusing on the results of research and studies in the field of Applied Agriculture based on Agronomy (Plant Cultivation) and its derivatives (Ecology, Seeds, Breeding, Physiology), Soil Science, Pest Science and Other Plant Disturbing Organisms (PDO), Sciences based on the Application of Science and technology with Crop Objects / Food Commodities, Horticulture, Landscaping, and Plantations. PROPER: Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan (e-ISSN 2988-506X). Merupakan media publikasi Artikel Ilmiah Hasil penelitian Terapan yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknologi Produksi Pertanian (TPP) Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan, Dua kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember. Berfokus pada hasil penelitian dan kajian bidang Pertanian terapan (Applied Agriculture) yang berbasis pada ilmu Agronomi (Budidaya Tanaman) dan turunannya (Ekologi, Benih, Pemuliaan, Fisiologi), Ilmu Tanah (Soil Science), Ilmu Hama Penyakit dan Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman Lainnya (OPT), Ilmu-ilmu yang berbasis Penerapan Ilmu dan teknologi dengan Objek Tanaman/Komoditi Pangan, Hortikultura, Lansekap, dan Perkebunan
Jurusan Teknologi Produksi Pertanian (TPP) Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan
Effect of Manure Dosage and Gibberellin (GA₃) Concentration on the Growth and Yield of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.)
his study aimed to: (1) determine the effect of manure dosage on the growth and yield of bitter melon plants; (2) determine the effect of gibberellin (GA₃) concentration on the growth and yield of bitter melon; and (3) identify the interaction between manure dosage and gibberellin concentration on the growth and yield of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.). The research was conducted in Songing Village, South Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency, from March to May 2024. The study employed a two-factor factorial design arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor was manure dosage (A), and the second was gibberellin concentration (G), with 16 treatment combinations and 3 replications each, totaling 48 experimental units. Each plot consisted of 4 plants, with 2 sample plants, totaling 192 plants. The results showed that a manure dosage of 4 kg/plot significantly increased the number of leaves, flowering speed, fruit number, fruit length, and fruit weight. The application of gibberellin at 60 ml/L gave the best results in terms of the number of leaves, flowering speed, fruit number, and fruit length. The interaction between manure and gibberellin showed the best effect on fruit number, fruit length, and fruit weight.
Copyright (c) 2025 PROPER : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan
Growth and Yield Response of Mustard Greens (Brassica juncea L.) to Various Types of Manures
Utilization of livestock waste as organic fertilizer can fertilize agricultural land. Various types of organic fertilizers have different nutritional content. The use of organic manure such as chicken, cow, goat and compost manure is one alternative to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers. However, this organic fertilizer has not been widely utilized by farmers, especially in Sidrap Regency. This study aims to evaluate the effect of various types of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of mustard greens. This research was conducted in the Muhammadiyah Rappang reformatory farm, Pancarijang District, Sidrap Regency, which was carried out from June to July 2024. This study used a Copletely Randomized Block Design (RCBD), which consisted of Organic Fertilizer treatments respectively Chicken Manure Fertilizer, Cow Manure Fertilizer, Goat Manure Fertilizer, and Compost Fertilizer at a dose of 1 kg/polybag and No organic fertilizer as control. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 15 observation units. Observation data were then analyzed using variance analysis (Anova), then the data were tested with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) with a test level of 1%. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer chicken manure as much as 1 kg per polybag gave the best response to the growth of plant height, number of leaves, length and width of leaves and fresh weight of plants.
Copyright (c) 2024 PROPER : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan
Design, Construction and Evaluation Smart Dryer Cocoa Bean Portable: IoT Sensors and Automatic Control for Cocoa Bean Quality
The cocoa bean drying process is one of the crucial stages in cocoa production, and determined by climate conditions. Cocoa farmers, using traditional drying methods, are now facing new challenges due to climate change. Changing weather patterns, such as increased rainfall and higher temperatures, have a direct impact on the effectiveness of the cocoa bean drying process. The Smart Dryer Cocoa Bean Portable is a cocoa bean drying device designed to provide optimal drying results with the latest technology. This device has a compact size of 122 × 148 cm, it easy to move and use in various locations. Included with IoT sensors, the Smart Dryer can monitor and regulate temperature and humidity automatically, ensuring that the cocoa bean drying process runs efficiently and with high quality. Users can access drying data in real-time via a mobile application, it easy to monitor and control remotely. The evaluation results of the Smart Dryer Cocoa Bean Portable produced a moisture content of cocoa bean 7.3% after 16 hours with a final bean weight loss of 60%. With the Smart Dryer Cocoa Bean Portable, the cocoa bean drying process becomes faster, more efficient, and more consistent
Land Suitability Analysis in Gapoktan Wiji Aji Bumi, Pendem Village, Junrejo District, Batu City
Land suitability analysis plays an important role by providing information to decision makers regarding the opportunities and constraints associated with a particular land use by considering land properties, physiographic data and specific user needs. This research aims to evaluate the suitability of land for agricultural cultivation in Gapoktan Wiji Aji Bumi, Pendem Village, Junrejo District, Batu City. Soil sampling was carried out in the field using the stratified sampling (StS) method. Analysis is carried out by looking at local descriptions, general descriptions, soil profile descriptions and soil chemical tests. Assessments were carried out on chili, corn, rice and orange plants using composite soil samples to a depth of 40cm and 80 cm. The practical results show that chilies have 1 suitability class, namely N (Not Suitable), corn has 1 suitability class, namely N (Not Suitable), rice has 1 suitability class, namely S2 (Moderately Suitable) and oranges have 1 suitability class, namely N (Not Suitable).
Application of Various Concentrations of Moringa Leaf Liquid Fertilizer (Moringa oleifera L.) to Stimulate Growth and Yield of Upland Rice Under Various Drought Stresses
Upland rice is susceptible to drought stress in crops, especially on marginal lands. The use of moringa leaf liquid fertilizer as a biostimulant that is very rich in important compounds is expected to increase growth and production as well as plant tolerance to drought stress. This study aims to determine the appropriate concentration of moringa leaf extract liquid fertilizer to inhibit the growth and yield of upland rice plants grown under various levels of drought stress. This study was arranged in the form of a 2-factor factorial experiment with randomized complate block design Split plot design form. The main plot is the application of moringa leaf extract liquid fertilizer consisting of four concentration levels 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% moringa leaf liquid fertilizer. Subplots (SP) was drought stress consisting of three levels of percentage of Field Capacity, namely 100%, 75%, and 50% FC. There were 12 treatment combinations of two units in one replication, each treatment combination was repeated 3 times for a total of 72 experimental units. The experiment of moringa leaf liquid fertilizer concentration gave a significant effect on the increase of plant height, number of tillers, productive tillers, flag leaf area, number of grain per plant, grain weight per plant, and grain production per hectare at several levels of drought stress.Concentration of 15% Moringa leaf liquid fertilizer gives a better effect in increasing the productivity of upland rice with an average yield of 1507.03 tons/hectare under moderate stress (75% field capasity), and an average yield of 1081.66 tons/hectare under high drought stress (50% field capasity).
Analysis of Customer Satisfaction Level Towards the Quality of Kahayya Coffee at Ondeway Cafe Bulukumba
The production and quality of coffee products has a central role in the coffee industry. The coffee production process involves a series of complex stages, from bean selection to the roasting process. Product quality is one of the main keys in assessing consumer perceptions of products and can be measured to what extent the product can satisfy customers. in Bulukumba Regency has produced a brand, one of which is Kahayya coffee. Measurements or research regarding the level of consumer satisfaction and quality of Kahayya coffee have never been carried out or have been carried out but only revolve around the production, packaging and marketing side. .The aim of this research is to determine consumer preferences and analyze the level of consumer satisfaction with the quality of Kahayya coffee produced by Cafe Ondeway Bulukumba. This research was carried out from December 2022 to January 2023 at Cafe Ondeway in Bulukumba Regency. The research method to determine the level of consumer satisfaction is carried out by means of a survey. The population in this study were all visitors who came to Cafe Ondeway. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, namely selecting consumers aged 17-50 years. The number of samples taken was 50 people. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using the CSI method. The results of research on consumer preferences based on age, occupation, income level, education level, and frequency of consumption, regarding coffee are influenced by various factors, including aroma, taste, characteristics, stability, and frequency of consumption experiences. The level of satisfaction of Cafe Ondeway consumers with the quality of Kahayya coffee based on the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) value criteria shows that it is in the "Very Satisfied" category, namely 0.81-1.00 and with the highest Gap Analysis (GAP) coffee has a strong taste. as much as 0.22. There are similarities in preferences for fragrant coffee aroma, aroma characteristics, and strength and consistency of coffee taste among consumer groups. and the level of satisfaction of Cafe Ondeway consumers regarding the quality of coffee is very satisfied.
Formulation of Coffee Grounds Bar Soap (Used Coffee Grounde)
Coffee consumption increases every year so that a lot of coffee grounds are wasted which can cause problems to the environment. This can be overcome by utilizing coffee grounds from various cafes/coffee shops. One of them is by making bar soap. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of bar soap product formulations with the addition of different levels of coffee grounds based on the results of the pH test and organoleptic test. The research was conducted from October to December 2023 at the Banyorang Coffee Processing Center Office, Tompobulu Village, Banyorang District, Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This research method uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 (four) treatments, namely formula 1 coffee grounds 40 g, palm oil 50%, coconut oil 30%, olive oil 20%, formula 2 coffee grounds 70 g, palm oil 50%, coconut oil 30%, olive oil 20%, formula 3 coffee grounds 100 g, palm oil 50%, coconut oil 30%, olive oil 20%, and formula F4 coffee grounds 130 g, palm oil 50%, coconut oil 30%, olive oil 20%. The results showed that the pH value is feasible to use bar soap for skin care 9.40 – 10.62 in accordance with SNI standards and organoleptic tests based on the criteria of color, aroma, texture, moisture, freshness, and freshness was in the formulation of 130 g coffee grounds, 50% palm oil, 30% coconut oil, and 10% olive oil.
Productivity Of Various Cocoa Clones (Theobroma Cacao L.) At Different Rainfall Levels In Tettikenrarae Village, Soppeng Regency
Changes in rainfall are one of the causes of declining production in cocoa plants and cause land degradation, thus reducing national cocoa productivity. This study aims to analyze the productivity of various clones of cocoa plants at different rainfall levels so that the relationship between production levels and cocoa productivity at different rainfall levels is known. This study used the observation method. Data collection was done by random sampling in farmers' farms by determining the appropriate sample plants. The sample plants used came from three different clones, namely MCC Clone 01 (M01), MCC Clone 02 (45), and Sulawesi Clone 1 (S1) which were 13 years after planting and still productive. Rainfall data was obtained from available data at the BMKG of South Sulawesi Province. Data analysis was conducted to determine the productivity comparison of three cocoa clones at different rainfall levels. The results showed that: 1) Different rainfall levels affect the productivity of various cocoa clones in Tettikenrarae Village, Soppeng Regency. This can be seen in the parameters of number of seeds and weight of seeds, with productivity respectively for clone MCC 02 amounting to 4350.66 kg, clone S1 4326.78 kg, and clone MCC 01 with a production of 3863.29 kg. 2) Productivity of cocoa clones in Tettikenrarae Village, Soppeng Regency is best in moderate rainfall conditions, where clone MCC 02 has the highest productivity of 1820.47 kg which occurs in rainfall of 100 - 300 mm.
Identification of Physical Elements and Function of Saijaan Park as a Public Green Open Space in Kotabaru Regency, South Kalimantan
Green Open Space is an important element in shaping a city that has a function as a supporter of ecological, social, cultural, economic and aesthetic benefits in urban areas. The city park is one of the public spaces that is currently a concern in urban development in Kotabaru Regency with the rearrangement and addition of various visitor facilities given its complex function. However, the function of the park has begun to undergo many changes at this time so that it affects the physical quality of the park itself. This research aims to identify and analyze the physical elements of facilities and infrastructure in Saijaan Park whether it has fulfilled its function as a city park. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with direct observation, literature studies, and questionnaires to visitors. From the results of the study it was found that the existence of physical elements of Saijaan Park Kotabaru Regency as a whole has a fairly good condition, but still needs improvement and optimization of maintenance on several available facilities. Then, the function and utilization of Saijaan Park by the community is currently quite in accordance with its designation.
Performance of Young Cacao Plants at Various Elevatios Levels
Top grafting cocoa from vegetative propagation that has been adopted by cocoa farmers in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to identify the performance of young cocoa plants from top grafting at altitudes <300 m asl, 300-600 m asl and >600 m asl. A total of 27 plant samples were taken randomly at 3 heights in South Sulawesi. The results showed that plant height, stem circumference, crown circumference, number of primary crown at an altitude of <300 meters above sea level were not significantly different from plants at an altitude of 300-600 meters above sea level and at an altitude of >600 meters above sea level, but the stem height Primary and number of young cocoa leaves from top grafts at an altitude of <300 meters above sea level are significantly different from plants located at an altitude of 300-600 m asl and an altitude of >600 m asl.
Planning and Development of Pesantren Streetscape, Cimahi City, West Java
Pesantren Street (Jalan Pesantren) is one of the collector roads located in Cibabat Urban Village, Cimahi City which has problems with the condition of the road landscape which is ordinary, less attractive, and not organized. This research aims to plan the streetscape by maintaining and improving the function and comfort of the road by identifying potential and constraints from biophysical and activity aspects. The method used is the planning stage which starts from research activities and is limited to the planning stage which is included in synthesis. The basic concept of landscape planning for Pesantren Street is Connectivity and Walkability Approach by realizing a streetscape that is connected, safe, comfortable, beautiful, identifiable, and beneficial for the surrounding community and users. The spatial plan consists of circulation space, buffer space and service space. The circulation plan includes vehicular circulation and pedestrian/bicycle circulation with a shared space street system. The facility plan includes street complementary facilities and information systems, while the green space plan is a comfort green space, buffer green space and aesthetic green space. Keyword : Landscape Planning, Streetscape, Pesantren Street, Cimahi City
Copyright (c) 2023 PROPER : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan
Analysis Chemical Compound Content of Roasted Fermented Cocoa Beans from South Sulawesi Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
Cocoa beans are the main raw material in chocolate bar processing. The quality and flavor of chocolate product are highly dependent on the chemical compounds contained the cocoa beans used. In addition, post-harvest handling of cocoa beans in the form of fermentation and roasting causes the appearance of a distinctive chocolate flavor. This research aims to analyze the content of chemical compounds contained in fermented roasted cocoa benas using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) instruments. The results of GS-MS analysis showed 19 peaks that are representing 13 chemical compounds. Based on the result, there are 5 compounds that significantly have the largest percent peak’s area, which sequentially consist of Tetrapentacontane compounds of 8,44% and 5, 85%, Nondecane (CAS) as many as 7,10%, 14-beta-h-pregna compounds of 6.50%, Hahnfett compounds of 5,75%, and Tetratriacontane compounds as many as 4,12%.
Growth And Yield Of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Local Variety Of Soppeng On Seed Source Treatment And Bed Height
Sweet potato is a tuber crop that has high nutritional value and is a source of carbohydrates. Factors that can affect the growth and production of sweet potato are the source of the seed and the height of the planting bed. Bed height is an environmental factor that can affect sweet potato growth and production. This study aims to assess the effect of seed source and bed height on the growth and yield of sweet potato local varieties of Soppeng. This study was arranged using a two-factor factorial pattern Completely Randomised Block Design (CRBD). The first factor is the source of seeds consisting of 2 levels, namely the source derived from tuber cuttings and the source of seeds derived from stem cuttings. The second factor is the height of the bed which consists of 3 levels, namely the height of 20, 25, and 30 cm. Variables observed included tendril length (cm), number of leaves (strands), flowering age (HST), number of tubers (fruit), tuber weight (g), and production per bed (Kg). The results showed that there was no significant effect of seed source and bed height on growth and production and there was no significant interaction of seed source and height on the growth and production of sweet potato local varieties of Soppeng, but beds with a height of 30 cm and tuber origin tended to show better results in the weight of production per plot with 2338.33 Kg.
Modification of Instant Palekko Seasoning by Adding Katokkong Chili (Capsicum annum.L.)
Palekko is a typical South Sulawesi food that has a spicy taste and is made from duck or chicken meat cut into small pieces. The process of making palekko takes a long time, so instant palekko seasoning is needed in the form of dry spices so that it is hoped that it will make it easier for people to process "palekko". The aim of this research is to determine the effect of adding katokkong chilies and appropriate drying methods on the quality of instant palekko seasoning. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors. The first factor is the percentage of katokkong chilies consisting of 3 levels, namely 10%, 20% and 30% and the second factor is the drying method, namely oven drying and sun drying. The research results show that the best treatment for Palekko instant seasoning is the oven drying method with treatment with a percentage of Katokkong chilies of 30%, obtaining a water content of 11.84%, ash content of 6.79%, yield of 19.3%, viramin C (0.301%/100g) and positive for containing Flavonoids as well as organoleptic testing of instant Pallekko Katokkong seasoning and its application to chicken from 31 panelists who received scores for color, aroma, texture and taste (liked and really liked).
Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Production on Enrichment Composition of Sawdust Media with Cocoa Fruit Peel and Banana Stem
Oyster mushroom growth media generally uses a substrate in the form of wood sawdust waste because of its high lignocellulose content. However, sawdust is increasingly difficult to obtain because it is also used for other needs. The method used in this study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments, namely M0: sawdust media, M1: sawdust media + cocoa fruit peel + banana stem powder (2:2:1); M2: sawdust media + cocoa fruit peel + banana stem powder (2:1:1); M3: sawdust media + cocoa fruit peel + banana stem powder (2:1:2). The results of this study showed that the fastest growth parameters of oyster mushroom fruiting body primordia tended to be produced from the M0 and M3 treatments, namely 68 days after incubation, the largest diameter of the fruiting body stem resulted from the M3 treatment (1.91cm), the number of fruiting bodies, the width of the fruiting body hood and the highest wet weight of oyster mushrooms resulted from the M1 treatment of 11.66 fruiting bodies, 11.39 cm and 119.68 grams, respectively.
Effect of Sucrose Concentration on the Quality of Jam Slices of Dutch Eggplant (Cyphomandra betacea)
Jam Slice is a semi-wet food made from processing fruit pulp, which comes in sheet form. Dutch eggplant jam slices are expected to contain Vitamin A 540-5600 µg, Vitamin C 15-42 g, fiber 1.4-4.7 mg and antioxidants which are really needed for people's nutritional needs and are one of the typical products that should be developed. This research was conducted in May-June at the Agro-Industry Workshop as well as the Biochemistry and Nutrition Lab, Cultivation Department. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of adding sucrose to tamarillo jam slice products. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors. Factor 1 is treatment with the addition of belanda eggplant, namely 27%, 32% and 37%. The 2nd Factor is treatment with the addition of sucrose namely 25%, 30% and 35%. Observation data continued with analysis of variance. The research results showed that the best treatment was the addition of 25% sucrose and 27% tamarillo. When slicing tamarillo, the water content is 49.5% according to SNI 01-3746-1995, the maximum water content for jam is around 35%. sugar content 20.3% .color value L . 42.88 and organoleptic testing from 31 panelists received values ​​for color, aroma, texture and taste (liked and really liked).
Bioefficacy of Trichoderma harzianum and Chitosan Oligo-saccharin as Seed Coating to Control Fusarium oxysporum Disease in Peanut
Formulations of biological fungicides to replace synthetic fungicides, which are potent and effective in controlling wilt and root rot in Peanut plants have not been found, so the results of the study can be the latest information. The research aims to find the most effective formulation when cultivating Peanut plants with Seed Coating. Seed-coating treatment of T. harzianum and chitosan compounds is expected to be more effective in preventing or controlling the attack of Fusarium wilt disease on Peanut plants. The study was designed according to Randomized Group Design (RAK) with the treatment of Seed Coating T. harzianum and Chitosan nanoparticles (Chitosan olligosaccharin), with a Control Treatment Design without Seed Coating, Seed Coating T. harzianum, Seed Coating Kitosan, Seed Coating Kitosan + T. harzianum, Inorganic Seed Coating with 64% Metalaxil. The lowest intensity of wilting was still shown by the control treatment of 64% Metalaxil chemical pesticide, with an average wilting intensity of 23.5%, but the Seed Coating Kitosan + T. harzianum treatment was the closest with an average wilting rate of 31.5%, significantly different from the control wilting intensity which reached 92.5%. While the best control effectiveness after Metalaxil is also Chitosan + T. harzianum. Seed Coating Chitosan and T. harzianum also provide better dry weight of stalks than other Seed Coating treatments with an average of 5.1 Kg/Ha
Effect of Variation in Packaging and Fermentation Duration on Quality Characteristics of Tempeh base Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Sorghum is a cereal-type food plant that has a higher protein value compared to other cereals, so it can be used as an alternative material to replace soybeans as raw material for making tempeh. Several ways of processing sorghum have succeeded in increasing protein levels, one of which is tempeh fermentation. This study aims to determine the type of packaging and the length of fermentation on the quality haracteristics of sorghum tempeh and analyze the quality of sorghum tempeh with variations in packaging and fermentation duration. This research used a 2-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the first factor was the length of fermentation consisting of 3 levels, namely 1, 2, 3 days and the packaging type factor consisted of banana leaf and plastic packaging. The results showed that the best fermentation duration was 3 days with a protein content value of 10.12%, while the best type of packaging was banana leaf packaging. The quality of tempeh sorghum in 3 days fermentation with banana leaf packaging type has 69.40% moisture content, 1.40% ash content, 10.35% protein content, and 1.50% fat content. Organoleptic test results showed that the preferred tempeh characteristics were those fermented for 3 days using banana leaf packaging with texture 3.39, taste 3.55, aroma 3.71, and overall 3.58.
Potential of rice supply and demand in relation to food security in Mamuju Regency
Rice is one of the main agricultural products and makes agriculture the most important sector in the Indonesian economy. Indonesian people's dependence on rice makes agriculture the frontline of Indonesia's food security. Rice has the main strategic value as a staple food. This study aims to determine and analyze the availability of rice in Mamuju Regency and determine the level of rice consumption each year in the last 5 years (2018-2022) in Mamuju Regency. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method, where the data is processed using MS Excel software. Data analysis was carried out on rice production and availability. The results showed that: 1) Rice availability in Mamuju Regency has decreased in the last 5 years although it has an increasing trend in the last 2 years. The highest rice availability occurred in 2018 with a production of 78,469 tons and the last rice production was 52,144 tons in 2022, 2) Rice demand in Mamuju Regency continues to increase from year to year in line with the increase in population. The need in 2018 is 23,455 tons and continues to increase until it reaches 25,753 tons in 2022. 3) The need for rice in Mamuju increases from year to year, but in general Mamuju Regency is classified as a surplus area. There are 8 sub-districts that are surplus and 3 sub-districts that are deficit. The deficit areas are geographically located in coastal and island areas with mountainous topography which also does not allow for rice fields
The Quality Characteristics of Pancake Premix Flour from Mangrove Fruit (Rhizophora stylosa) with the Addition of Mocaf Flour
Research was conducted to study the best formulation and analyze the quality of mangrove origin premix flour on consumer acceptability. Organoleptic testing was carried out including color, aroma, and texture of mangrove premix flour. The research was conducted at the Agroindustry Workshop Laboratory and Nutrition and Chemistry Laboratory, Pangkep State Polytechnic of Agricultural. The research began with making mangrove flour, mocaf flour, and making premix flour. The research was designed according to a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments of premix flour formula namely (100% mangrove: 0% mocaf (Control)), (90% mangrove: 10% mocaf), (80% mangrove: 20% mocaf), and (70% mangrove: 30% mocaf). Mangrove premix flour was tested organoleptically using a trained panel of 41 people. The results showed that the pancake premix flour formulation, namely in the treatment of 90% mangrove and 10% mocaf flour, has the potential as a better pancake premix flour compared to other treatments. Each treatment influences the quality of pancake premix flour, especially on protein content, moisture content, ash content, crude fiber, acidity, and whiteness. Premix flour from mangrove fruit and mocaf can be used in making pancakes
Effect of Application of Various Concentrations of Chitosan on Growth and Yield of Upland Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) at Different Water Intervals
The level of national rice production and productivity must still be maintained, especially alert to the threat of environmental stress such as drought and other production barriers including threats due to Climate Change in the future. The study aims to determine and see how the effect of chitosan compound application maintains or increases the growth and production of upland rice at several intervals / intervals of water application as a form of stress conditions on sub-optimal land. This research is a 2-factor factorial experiment with a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) pattern, the first factor is the concentration of chitosan each 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ml/L. The second factor is the watering interval of 2, 4 and 6 days respectively. Parameters observed included vegetative parameters of plant height (cm), number of tillers, leaf area, flag leaf area, panicle number and number of seeds per panicle. The results of the experiment showed that the application of chitosan and different irrigation intervals had a significant effect on the number of panicles, the number of seeds per panicle and leaf area. Chitosan concentration of 0.5 ml/l showed better results on the number of panicles, while the concentration of 1 ml/l showed the highest results for leaf area and number of seeds per panicle as production parameters with an average of 86.37 seeds per panicle under stressful conditions at a watering interval of 6 days. Chitosan application is more effective at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 ml/Liter of water.
Application and Utilization of Artificial Baits for Mitten Crab in Barru Regency
Crab is an economically important and export commodity for Indonesia. Fishermen in Barru Regency catch mitten crabs from the sea using round folding traps. The method of operation is by setting bait and then throwing it into the sea with a long line system. The bait sometimes falls, or runs out, reducing the catch. The research objective is to examine the application or application of the concept of false bait whether it can be done. The fake bait function can overcome the obstacles of bait that falls wasted or runs out and save bait costs for fishermen. The research method is observation with paired data between fresh bait and artifisial bait, and analysis is done through independent t test. The results of the research for six trips and the t test showed that the catch with the use of fake bait and real bait was not different. Fake bait is more efficient and economical because fishermen do not provide real bait every trip. Therefore, the function of fake bait can be utilized and applied by fishermen.
Effect of Plastic Packaging and Pandan Leaves on Sitophilus Sp Insect Population in Rice
Insects are the most destructive organisms on agricultural harvest materials in storage. This study was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of various types of plastic packaging and pandan leaves on the population of Sitopilus sp insects on Rice in storage. This study was organized in the form of a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatment combinations between the use of Polypropylene Plastic (PP), Polyethylene Plastic (PE), and Clear Plastic (CP) with Pandan Leaves (PL). The treatments were PP without Pandan Leaves (PPWPL), PP + Pandan Leaves (PPPL), PE without Pandan Leaves (PEWPL), PE + Pandan Leaves (PEPL), CP without Pandan Leaves (CPWPL), CP + Pandan Leaves (CPPL). The results showed that the combination of all types of plastic packaging plus pandan leaves showed no development of the Sitophilus sp insect population, while all plastic packaging treatments without pandan leaves increased the Sitophilus sp insect population very significantly, along with time
Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and PGPR Application on Paddy Yield Components
o increase the productivity of rice plants, the use of biological fertilizers based on Fungi or beneficial bacteria is very necessary to be carried out through experiments so as to obtain maximum benefits by finding or obtaining the right dose and concentration in spurring the growth and production of rice plants Where in the future the environmental effects of the use of non-organic fertilizers must be really considered and eliminated in order to prevent more severe environmental damage, besides that the use of biological fertilizers and other organics is very urgent. For this reason, the research aims to study the effect of the application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and PGPR, especially on plant Yield components. The research was designed with a 2-factor Split Plot design, pattern consisting of the main plot is PGPR application consisting of concentrations of 10, 20 and 30 ml/L plus control treatment and the subplots are AMF doses of 10, 20, and 30 grams per plant respectively. The experiment was conducted on 50 cm x 50 cm plots. The application of AMF was carried out on rice seedlings during transplanting while PGPR application began 7 days after transplanting. Observations were made on generative or production parameters including the number of panicles per plant, grain weight per plant and grain weight per plant. The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza dose as much as 30 g per plant gave the best effect on the number of production components of the number of panicles, the number of grains, the grain contained with a better average compared to plants that were not treated with mycorrhiza (AMF), as well as the application of PGPR as much as 30 ml / L had a real effect and gave the best results on the number of panicles, the average grain weight, and the average grain weight contained and all better than plants that were not treated with PGPR.
Genetic Diversity of Porang Genotypes in South Sulawesi Based on RAPD Molecular Markers
The genetic diversity of the Porang plant (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) is currently the object of study to see the glucomannan content due to the high demand to be used as an additive that can thicken liquid elements in food ingredients. Some agroforestry areas in South Sulawesi are known to have various types of porang species with different glucomannan content. It is known that porang distribution areas are found in three districts, namely Maros Regency, Bulukumba Regency and Bantaeng Regency. This study refers to the sampling of the three locations and laboratory analysis at the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Center for Research and Development of Biotechnology and Agricultural Genetic Resources, Bogor, West Java. The research took place from April to June 2023. The test method used was genetic-based with quantitative and qualitative DNA testing, analyzed by the Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS) with the Sequential, Agglomerative, Hierarchical, and Nested Clustering (SAHN) method. A measure of the degree of genetic similarity distance of porang plants is determined based on the similarity coefficient using the Group Average Clustering method. The data results show a phylogenetic tree that forms five clusters based on 10 RAPD molecular markers based on the similarity coefficient value is 0.61. Based on the result, the closest porang plant relationship is MR3, BL3, BT3, MR4, BL4, BT4, MR5, BT5, BL6, BT6, and BL9, then BL8, and BT8. Furthermore, it’s important to continue this research to obtain morphological and physiological characters of porang plants in these three districts
The Effect of Initial Cooking Time on the Physical Characteristics of Milkfish jerky (Chanos chanos) based on Organoleptic Tests
Diversification of processed milkfish products is an effort to fulfill people's tastes and nutritional needs by consuming fish as a source of protein. Milkfish jerky is a method of processing fish that is very popular with the public because it has a distinctive and savory taste. Milkfish jerky processing aims to extend the shelf life and add economic value by changing food ingredients or primary raw materials into secondary processed products or ready-to-eat final products. One way to determine the quality of milkfish jerky products is visually by looking at the physical form of the product. In processing milkfish jerky, the process of boiling milkfish is carried out, which has previously been carried out by dry curing or mixing herbs or spices into the fish. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the right cooking time so that the best physical Characteristics of milkfish jerky products are obtained based on organoleptic tests. In this research, the milkfish boiling process stage was carried out using different boiling times, namely 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes, then dried in the oven at a temperature of 800oC for 4 hours using 3 repetitions and organoleptic tests were carried out by 15 panelists using Observation parameters on physical characteristics, namely the appearance and texture of milkfish jerky products.
Response of Application of Compost Fertilizer Enriched with Trichoderma Harzianum and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in Saline Soils on the Growth and Yield of Maize
Saline soils are one of the most serious problems encountered in sustainable crop cultivation. Utilization of Trichoderma harzianum microorganism which plays a role in the growth and development of corn plants and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza which can increase the growth and quality of plants in saline soils. The research objective was to determine the effect of compost enriched with Trichoderma harzianum and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on the growth and Yield of maize in saline soils. The research method used factorial pattern with a Completely Randomized Block design (CRBD). The results of the study with treatment, application of compost, Trichoderma harzianum and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on corn plants had a significant effect on plant height (229.85), number of leaves (13.50), stem diameter (14.79), number of seeds (387.83) , biomass (176.00), fruit weight of corn (163.20), cob weight (20.00), root weight (138.88), root length (34.50), and mycorrhizal infection rate (90%). The combination of the application of compost, Trichoderma harzianum and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza showed very high results for all parameters measured compared to no treatment.
Application of Various Concentrations of Chitosan (Chitosan oligosaccharin) and Baccilus subtilis Biofertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L)
One of the alternatives to fulfil food needs, especially rice in Indonesia, is upland rice. Especially in the development of dry land and the development of cropping patterns on critical lands. Some of the obstacles that will be faced for upland rice cultivation are the risk of water stress, as well as the need for nutrients and soil organic matter. This research aims to see the effect of Application of Various Concentrations of Chitosan and Bacillus subtilis Biofertilisation on the Growth and Production of Upland Rice. The research was arranged based on a 2-factor factorial experiment with a Completely Randomised Block Design (CRBD) pattern, the first factor was Chitosan Application consisting of 3 levels, namely 0 (Control), 0.5, and 1.0 ml.L-1 The second factor is Baccilus subtilis biofertilisation with 3 levels of 1, 1.5, and 2 ml.L-1. Parameters observed included plant height (cm), number of tillers, flag leaf area (cm2), number of panicles per clump, and number of seeds per clump. Observation results showed that the application of chitosan 1.0 ml.L-1 gave better results on plant height increase with an average of 79.33 cm, flag leaf area (average 31.67 cm2) and Baccilus subtilis 2 ml.L-1), while the application of Baccilus subtilis 1ml.L-1 gave the best results on Yield per clump with an average of 2273.2 per clump.
Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Application and Compost Fertilizer on the Growth and Production of Maize Plants (Zea Mays L.) on Yellow Red Podzolic Soil
The production of corn plants grown on yellow red Podsolik soil is still low due to low soil fertility. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of compost type and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi application and their interaction on the growth and production of corn plants in yellow red podsolik soil. The study was a factorial experiment consisting of two factors, namely compost enriched with Trichoderma sp, EM4 compost and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal treatment in the form of factorials in a Randomized Group Design. The first factor is the application of compost and the second factor is the application of mycorrhiza, each of which consists of three levels. The results showed that the interaction between the treatment of compost fertilizer and without Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in corn plants only gave a real effect on plant height and 90% mycorrhizal infection, and the single factor of compost gave a real effect on the number of leaves 10.39 strands, stem diameter 0.66 cm, fruit weight without colobot 88.92 grams, biomass 122.00 grams and root weight 45.00 grams. The application of compost enriched with EM4 without the application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi gave the best results for plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, fruit weight without kolobot, root weight, biomass and root infection. While the compost treatment enriched with Trichoderma sp without the application of Arbuscular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza gave the best results for corn fruit weight.
Growth and Production Response of Five Hybrid Maize Varieties to Application of Different Fertilizer Packages
This study aims to see the effect or response of five varieties of corn to the package of fertilizer doses observed from the growth and production. The research used a two-factor factorial experimental design in a Randomized Block Design, with 5 hybrid corn varieties as the first factor, namely varieties P21, P22, C9, C7 and Agricon, Urea, ZA, SP-36 and KCl fertilizers. Fertilization Package as the second factor was arranged with a combination of (1) Urea 350 + ZA 100 + SP-36 175 + KCl 75 kg ha-1, (2) Urea 250 + ZA 100 + SP-36 100 + KCl 50 kg ha-1, and (3) Urea 250 + ZA 100 kg ha-1 The results showed that there was an interaction between corn variety C7 and fertilization package 1 (350 urea + 100 ZA + 175 SP-36 + 75 KCl kg ha-1) on the addition of the best number of leaves which was 7,853 strands. Hybrid variety C9 gave the highest yield per hectare of 5.573 tons, and the fertilization package that gave the best results on corn production was fertilization package 3 (250 urea + 100 ZA kg ha-1) with an average grain yield per hectare of 5.07 tons.